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Compare Paracel Islands (2002) - El Salvador (2001)

Compare Paracel Islands (2002) z El Salvador (2001)

 Paracel Islands (2002)El Salvador (2001)
 Paracel IslandsEl Salvador
Administrative divisions - 14 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Ahuachapan, Cabanas, Chalatenango, Cuscatlan, La Libertad, La Paz, La Union, Morazan, San Miguel, San Salvador, Santa Ana, San Vicente, Sonsonate, Usulutan
Age structure - 0-14 years:
37.68% (male 1,198,623; female 1,151,584)

15-64 years:
57.27% (male 1,693,865; female 1,878,254)

65 years and over:
5.05% (male 142,345; female 172,991) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products - coffee, sugar, corn, rice, beans, oilseed, cotton, sorghum; shrimp; beef, dairy products
Airports 1 (2001) 83 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)		 total:
4

over 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
2 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total:
79

914 to 1,523 m:
17

under 914 m:
62 (2000 est.)
Area total: NA sq km


land: NA sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total:
21,040 sq km

land:
20,720 sq km

water:
320 sq km
Area - comparative NA slightly smaller than Massachusetts
Background This archipelago is surrounded by productive fishing grounds and by potential oil and gas reserves. In 1932, French Indochina annexed the islands and set up a weather station on Pattle Island; maintenance was continued by its successor, Vietnam. China has occupied the Paracel Islands since 1974, when its troops seized a South Vietnamese garrison occupying the western islands. The islands are claimed by Vietnam and Taiwan. El Salvador achieved independence from Spain in 1821 and from the Central American Federation in 1839. A 12-year civil war, which cost the lives of some 75,000 people, was brought to a close in 1992 when the government and leftist rebels signed a treaty that provided for military and political reforms.
Birth rate - 28.67 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget - revenues:
$1.8 billion

expenditures:
$2.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)
Capital - San Salvador
Climate tropical tropical; rainy season (May to October); dry season (November to April); tropical on coast; temperate in uplands
Coastline 518 km 307 km
Constitution - 23 December 1983
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Paracel Islands		 conventional long form:
Republic of El Salvador

conventional short form:
El Salvador

local long form:
Republica de El Salvador

local short form:
El Salvador
Currency - Salvadoran colon (SVC); US dollar (USD)
Death rate - 6.18 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external - $4.1 billion (2000 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US - chief of mission:
Ambassador Rose M. LIKINS

embassy:
Boulevard Santa Elena Final, Antiguo Cuscatlan, La Libertad, San Salvador

mailing address:
Unit 3116, APO AA 34023

telephone:
[503] 278-4444

FAX:
[503] 278-6011
Diplomatic representation in the US - chief of mission:
Ambassador Rene Antonio LEON Rodriguez

chancery:
2308 California Street NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 265-9671

consulate(s) general:
Chicago, Dallas, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, and San Francisco

consulate(s):
Boston
Disputes - international occupied by China, but claimed by Taiwan and Vietnam with respect to the maritime boundary in the Golfo de Fonseca, the ICJ referred to the line determined by the 1900 Honduras-Nicaragua Mixed Boundary Commission and advised that some tripartite resolution among El Salvador, Honduras and Nicaragua likely would be required
Economic aid - recipient - total $252 million; $57 million from US (1999 est.)
Economy - overview China announced plans in 1997 to open the islands for tourism. El Salvador is a struggling Central American economy which has been suffering from a weak tax collection system, factory closings, the aftermaths of Hurricane Mitch of 1998 and the devastating earthquakes of early 2001, and weak world coffee prices. On the bright side, in recent years inflation has fallen to single digit levels, and total exports have grown substantially. The trade deficit has been offset by remittances (an estimated $1.6 billion in 2000) from Salvadorans living abroad and by external aid. As of 1 January 2001, the US dollar was made legal tender alongside the colon.
Electricity - consumption - 3.638 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports - 208 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports - 460 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production - 3.641 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
45.65%

hydro:
41.01%

nuclear:
0%

other:
13.34% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: South China Sea 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Rocky Island 14 m		 lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Cerro El Pital 2,730 m
Environment - current issues NA deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution; contamination of soils from disposal of toxic wastes; Hurricane Mitch damage
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups - mestizo 90%, Amerindian 1%, white 9%
Exchange rates - Salvadoran colones per US dollar - 8.755 (fixed rate since 1993)
Executive branch - chief of state:
President Francisco FLORES Perez (since 1 June 1999); Vice President Carlos QUINTANILLA Schmidt (since 1 June 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Francisco FLORES Perez (since 1 June 1999); Vice President Carlos QUINTANILLA Schmidt (since 1 June 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
cabinet selected by the president

elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 7 March 1999 (next to be held NA March 2004)

election results:
Francisco FLORES Perez elected president; percent of vote - Francisco FLORES (ARENA) 52%, Facundo GUARDADO (FMLN) 29%, Ruben ZAMORA (CDU) 7.5%, other (no individual above 3%) 11.5%
Exports - $2.8 billion (f.o.b., 2000)
Exports - commodities - offshore assembly exports, coffee, sugar, shrimp, textiles, chemicals, electricity
Exports - partners - US 63%, Guatemala 11%, Honduras 7%, Costa Rica 4% (1999)
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description - three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and blue with the national coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms features a round emblem encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR EN LA AMERICA CENTRAL; similar to the flag of Nicaragua, which has a different coat of arms centered in the white band - it features a triangle encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA on top and AMERICA CENTRAL on the bottom; also similar to the flag of Honduras, which has five blue stars arranged in an X pattern centered in the white band
GDP - purchasing power parity - $24 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture:
12%

industry:
28%

services:
60% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $4,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 2.5% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 16 30 N, 112 00 E 13 50 N, 88 55 W
Geography - note composed of 130 small coral islands and reefs divided into the northeast Amphitrite Group and the western Crescent Group smallest Central American country and only one without a coastline on Caribbean Sea
Heliports - 1 (2000 est.)
Highways - total:
10,029 km

paved:
1,986 km (including 327 km of expressways)

unpaved:
8,043 km (1997)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%:
1.2%

highest 10%:
38.3% (1995)
Illicit drugs - transshipment point for cocaine; marijuana produced for local consumption; domestic drug abuse on the rise
Imports - $4.6 billion (f.o.b., 2000)
Imports - commodities - raw materials, consumer goods, capital goods, fuels, foodstuffs, petroleum, electricity
Imports - partners - US 52%, Guatemala 9%, Mexico 6%, Costa Rica 3% (1999)
Independence - 15 September 1821 (from Spain)
Industrial production growth rate - 5% (2000 est.)
Industries - food processing, beverages, petroleum, chemicals, fertilizer, textiles, furniture, light metals
Infant mortality rate - 28.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 2.5% (2000 est.)
International organization participation - BCIE, CACM, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, LAES, LAIA (observer), MINURSO, NAM (observer), OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 4 (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1998 est.) 1,200 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch - Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges are selected by the Legislative Assembly)
Labor force - 2.35 million (1999)
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture 30%, industry 15%, services 55% (1999 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total:
545 km

border countries:
Guatemala 203 km, Honduras 342 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (1998 est.)		 arable land:
27%

permanent crops:
8%

permanent pastures:
29%

forests and woodland:
5%

other:
31% (1993 est.)
Languages - Spanish, Nahua (among some Amerindians)
Legal system - based on civil and Roman law, with traces of common law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Legislative branch - unicameral Legislative Assembly or Asamblea Legislativa (84 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve three-year terms)

elections:
last held 12 March 2000 (next to be held NA March 2003)

election results:
percent of vote by party - ARENA 36.1%, FMLN 35.14%, PCN 8.76%, PDC 7.08%, CD 5.32%, PAN 3.75%, USC 1.47%, PLD 1.29%; seats by party - ARENA 28, FMLN 31, PCN 14, PDC 5, CD 3, PAN 1, independent 2
Life expectancy at birth - total population:
70.03 years

male:
66.43 years

female:
73.81 years (2001 est.)
Literacy - definition:
age 10 and over can read and write

total population:
71.5%

male:
73.5%

female:
69.8% (1995 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, group of small islands and reefs in the South China Sea, about one-third of the way from central Vietnam to the northern Philippines Middle America, bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Guatemala and Honduras
Map references Southeast Asia Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims NA territorial sea:
200 NM
Merchant marine - none (2000 est.)
Military - note occupied by China -
Military branches - Army, Navy, Air Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $112 million (FY99)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 0.7% (FY99)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
1,464,898 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
929,263 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 18 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
68,103 (2001 est.)
National holiday - Independence Day, 15 September (1821)
Nationality - noun:
Salvadoran(s)

adjective:
Salvadoran
Natural hazards typhoons known as the Land of Volcanoes; frequent and sometimes very destructive earthquakes and volcanic activity
Natural resources none hydropower, geothermal power, petroleum, arable land
Net migration rate - -3.95 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Political parties and leaders - Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Rene AGUILUZ]; Democratic Convergence or CD (includes PSD, MNR, MPSC) [Ruben ZAMORA, secretary general]; Democratic Party or PD [Jorge MELENDEZ]; Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front or FMLN [Fabio CASTILLO]; Liberal Democratic Party or PLD [Kirio Waldo SALGADO, president]; National Action Party or PAN [Gustavo Rogelio SALINAS, secretary general]; National Conciliation Party or PCN [Ciro CRUZ Zepeda, president]; National Republican Alliance or ARENA [Walter ARAUJO]; Social Christian Union or USC (formed by the merger of Christian Social Renewal Party or PRSC and Unity Movement or MU) [Abraham RODRIGUEZ, president]
Political pressure groups and leaders - labor organizations - Electrical Industry Union of El Salvador or SIES; Federation of the Construction Industry, Similar Transport and other activities, or FESINCONTRANS; National Confederation of Salvadoran Workers or CNTS; National Union of Salvadoran Workers or UNTS; Port Industry Union of El Salvador or SIPES; Salvadoran Union of Ex-Petrolleros and Peasant Workers or USEPOC; Salvadoran Workers Central or CTS; Workers Union of Electrical Corporation or STCEL; business organizations - National Association of Small Enterprise or ANEP; Salvadoran Assembly Industry Association or ASIC; Salvadoran Industrial Association or ASI
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: there are scattered Chinese garrisons (July 2002 est.)		 6,237,662 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line - 48% (1999 est.)
Population growth rate - 1.85% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors small Chinese port facilities on Woody Island and Duncan Island being expanded Acajutla, Puerto Cutuco, La Libertad, La Union, Puerto El Triunfo
Radio broadcast stations - AM 61 (plus 24 repeaters), FM 30, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - 2.75 million (1997)
Railways - total:
562 km

narrow gauge:
562 km 0.914-m gauge

note:
length of route which is operational is reduced to 283 km by disuse and lack of maintainance (2001)
Religions - Roman Catholic 86%

note:
there is extensive activity by Protestant groups throughout the country; by the end of 1992, there were an estimated 1 million Protestant evangelicals in El Salvador
Sex ratio - at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.9 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.82 male(s)/female

total population:
0.95 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment:
NA

domestic:
nationwide microwave radio relay system

international:
satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); connected to Central American Microwave System
Telephones - main lines in use - 380,000 (1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 40,163 (1997)
Television broadcast stations - 5 (1997)
Terrain mostly low and flat mostly mountains with narrow coastal belt and central plateau
Total fertility rate - 3.34 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate - 10% (2000 est.)
Waterways none Rio Lempa partially navigable
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